Baṅgladeshren Santal Hoṛko̠ O̠nkoaќ Legcar, Pạrsi ar Sãohẽt́-02

Hoṛkoaќ bonodolre belhanti se bejut bonodol hõ ńelogoќ kana. Asokaete Bangladesh’re Bangla legcar reaќ urạli (influence), dhoromko reaќ urạli (influence) karonte mońj bonodol jemon hećakana onkage begor bujte hoṛko peṛta sen hõko pãrẽќkana. Jemon-

1. Hoṛko jạtaќ napae napae aema ạricạliko begor buj pachnaote (analysis) apnar hũṛsõ leka bodol, bạgi giḍiaќ, arko hiṛiń aťeť kana. Nebetar ńelogoќ kana aema dolren Isại hoṛko menaќkoa. Onko mudren adomko ṭhen do Hoṛ jạtaќ baj bajna, eneć, sereń, hoṛmo reaќ cekan lekan sapaṕko coṅ baṅ calaќa. Janam chạṭiạr, bapla nạṛjoṛ tol dhara, porob porbas, peṛa pạrbhạќ ar emankore ganoќ lekan ạricạli, acarko hõ pehlaṅ mẽťte ńeloќa; ar ona bodol Bangla ạricạli reaќ urạli (influence) ńeloќ kana. Mare hora se Beisại hoṛko hõ apnar porob porbas, neo-dhorom, bapla bihạ, janam, gujuќ guruќ, bhanḍan emankore napae acarkoko hiṛiń aťeť kana. Neo-dhorom, dewa sewa reaќ bãkhẽṛko hõ begor ceťeťte hiṛiń adoќ kana. Hoṛaќ ạricạli rukhiại ar paṅjaere ńeloќ kana ceť Isại hoṛem men ar Be-Isại hoṛem men jạtaќ legcar ḍunḍhạu ar pachnao buj lạgiť ceť kạmige baṅ hoyoќ kana. Enḍeteṛoṅ Santali legcarre napae sudhrạu ar lahanti do komge hoyoќ kana, bickom oktere bejut ar gatagam ther hapeteťge ńeloќ kana.
2. Nisạ beoj bebohar, tayom baṅ ńel daram, becol beohar, hipiskạ, hoṛko talare ekoṭ reaќ obhab ar ar karonko adom Hoṛko atore oktre ạḍi ãṭ ńeloќ kana. Asokaete nisạ reaќ beoj bebohar karonte ghaṛońjre rin dhar, reṅgeć, ruạ haso, okte ạurirege gujuќ guru, rạnḍi, ṭuạr amar ar cetatko coṅ boloќ kana. Noa nisạ beoj bebohar ar bebosa karonte gharońjte jumi luṭiạ ar sanḍgar Dekoko boloќ kana. Oktere gharońjren era, hopon era, kiminko são becol sompokko teareťte onkoko nosṭoeťkoa, atoren mạńjhi paranikko são kạphạriạu, lạṛhại tapamko sirjạueť kana; ar hoṛko bhitrire hõ binjuripạri herel maejiu mudre becol rit beohar, jhogṛa tamam arhõ cetatkote coṅ oka do ato hõ josaoќ kana. Un do mạńjhi paranikkoaќ sason baṅ calaќ kana ar somaj do besulukte pereć cabaќ kana. Ar noṅkate Santal hoṛkoaќ legcarre bạṛić urạli boloќ kana.

SANTALI  PẠRSI

Jãhã pạrsige beohar se roṛeťte abo do abokoaќ suk duk, kusi rạskạ, jạruṛ, monsubạ arhõ cetatko coṅ bon sodoreť kana ar bon buj ocoeť kana. Noa pạrsi se roṛ daṛe do manwako lạgiť Ṭhạkur jiuaќ heṛan dange, oka dan do eṭaќ jiwianko noṅka sạbitte do baṅko ńamakať.

Noa Santali pạrsi do ạḍi mare sedae pạrsi kana. Sãohẽť dharate bon tulạ jokha lekhan/ pachnao (analysis) lekhan Santali pạrsi do ńeloќa sedae khonge dhorage phaelao, niphuṭ, liṭhur ar jomokgea. Ar legemre hõ lahanti hijuќ kana, baṅ ṭhakeť ther utạra. Eken miť bar hoṛ okoe do go-pạrsi babon dulạṛeťkan onko lạgiťge Santali pạrsi do hiṛiń ať se sa ocogoќ kana. Pạrsi aćteť do tis hõ baṅ thukum thera, baṅ mạutạќ kana, noa reaќ momohnḍa do menaќgea.

Pạrsi Thok– Abo Santal hoṛko ‘Nri-biggani’ metaќme manwawaќ oṛ-bõs suќsutrạukoaќ (anthropologist) pachnao (analysis) lekate ‘Proṭo-Austroloid’ thokren kana bon mente saṕakana. Ar Santali pạrsi do ‘Munḍạri’ pạrsi thokre hạṭiń begarakana. Ar noa pạrsi reaќ caherteť (characteristic) English’te do ‘Agglutinative language’ metaќme laṭaќmiť pạrsiko metaќ kana.

Onol Dhara– Baḍaekangea bon noa Santali pạrsi do ạḍi maregea. Ar Santali pạrsite oќol ehoṕakan reaќ itihas hõ menaќgea. (Jugsirijolre chapa sodorlen Mn. Ejikel Hembrom ar Mn. Rimil Raj Badoliaќ ol khon tumạl) Santali pạrsi ạglạha oloќko mudre Rev. Pastor J. Philip (Baptist Missionary) miť ńum halaṅ lek hoṛ kanae. Nui sahebge baṅma Santali pạhil oloќić do. Uni do Bharot disom reaќ Uṛissare Jolessor Mission khon pạhil Baṅgla horopte Santaliye olleťa- 1845 salre. Menkhan uni do ạḍi usạragey bujhạukeťa Baṅgla horopte Santali kathako reaќ aṛaṅ pusṭạu baṅ hoyoќ kana. Khan Roman horopte Santali oloќe portonkeťa. Ar 1863 salre Mn. Dr. Lepsus ńutuman miť saheb do Roman horop khon Santali pạrsire beohar jutoќ noṅkan horopko bachao kate onakore diacritical marks (dhoni-cinho) beoharkeťa. Uniaќ ona kạmi eṭaќ sahebko khuṕko kusiaťtaea ar noṅkate ona Roman horop do bại bạite Santali horop mentege bikạuena ar goṭaṭạnḍi napae beohar ehoṕena.

Noa Bangladesh’re Santalite oќol tis khon ehoṕakana ona do jothatte baṅ menogoќ kana. Tobe noa do dhorage pạtiạu lek katha kana je, British amolrege noa Bạrin disomre ‘Lutheran ar Ctholic Missinary’ko dhorom porcar ar Misionko ṭarhao okte khonge Santali onol reaќ rup do hećakana.

Santali Pạrsi beboharoќkan ṭhậiko– Bangladesh’re Santali pạrsi beboharoќkan do miť kathate bon men daṛeaќa- ḍihạt atokore joto Hoṛ gharońj ar somajre 99% (sae por) hoṛ do Santali kathako roṛeť kana. Sohor ar bajarkorege Hoṛko eṭaќ jạtrenko sãoko tahẽ mesalkan guạќte somaj ar gharońjkore hõ Bangla mesalko roṛeť kana. Asokaete gidrạko mudre Bangla reaќ ãjhaṭ urạli (influence) paṛaoќ kante adomko do Santali katha hõ hiṛiń se ḍher do bako ceťeť kana.

Sikhạuna ṭhaona (institution) re bebohar– Thoṛa itihas jaќ tiạќ lekhan ńelogoќa British-Bharotre Santal hoṛko oloќ paṛhao ceť ocokoa mente Sorkar daraete 1923 Kr. salre “Santal Board of Education” ńutuman miť komiṭi tearlena. Ona borḍre, asokaete Hoṛkoaќ subida ńel lạgiťte un okte Mn. phadar Cattaneo (PMIE, Italian) hõ miť rạsiại doho ocolena. Ar noa borḍ daraete 1934 Kr. sal mudre Hoṛko talare 31 goṭen Santali primary school  tearlena. Ar noa Bangladesh’re (un do British-Bharot) Gomostapur thanare 2 goṭen, Nachole thanare 1 goṭen ar Nawabgońj thanare 1 goṭen Santali Primary school tearlena. Menkhan un okte Hoṛ mahasoeko begorte Santali paṛhao do mońj baṅ hoyoќkan tahẽkana.

Ar Pakistan amolre Hoṛko talare Misonarikoaќ iskul ar borḍiṅkore Santali paṛhao napaege calaќkan tahẽkana. Ar Baṅgladeshre nit hạbić cetan se latar sikhạuna ṭhaonakore Santali paṛhao ạḍi niạm dharate do baṅ hoyoќ kana. Menkhan ńegoќ kana Bangladesh sạdhin tayom sikhạuna ṭhaonakore (Educational institution) Santali paṛhao do bại bạite ḍhilạu hećakana. Enhõ Misonary iskul ar borḍiṅkore Santali paṛhao moṭamuṭi calaќ kangea.

Ar noa disomre Santali paṛhao etohoṕ reaṅ kathako thoṛathuṛi sạbud noṅka ńamogoќ kana baṅma 1905 Kr. sal khon  Baṅgladeshre Santali parhao ehoṕakana. Miť bar Mison iskulko okare do Santali paṛhao hoyoќkan tahẽkan ńum ganoќa. Jemon Nowga jilạre Beniduạr prathomik iskul- 1911 Kr. sal, Nikesor prathomik iskul- 1932, Jogdol prathomik iskul- 1942 kr. sal. Noa Rajshahi jilạre hõ Badhaṛ Lutheran mision do Pakistan India disom hạṭiń begar ar sạdhinoќ laha khonge menaќa ar un khonge Hoṛ gidrạko Santaliko paṛhaoќ kan tahẽ kana. Ar noa Bangladesh’re Santali onol do pạhil khonge eken Santali horopte hoe hećakana. Bangla horop bebohar do eken pon mõṛẽ bochor laha khon thoṛa thuṛi hoyoќ kana. Ol ciki ar Debnagri horop sãote Bangladesh’ren hoṛko do nit hõ ạuriko oporomoќa. (ol to̠ṅget́a)